Ethanol Plant Component Extraction Method And Operation

The basic principle of ethanol extraction is to extract useful components from plants through processes such as solvent selection, extraction method and concentration. The specific steps include:

Dissolution: Extract the raw materials with a certain concentration of ethanol by percolation or reflux method.

Recover ethanol: The ethanol in the extract is recovered and then treated with water.

Refrigerated precipitation: The treated solution precipitates and removes impurities under refrigerated conditions.

Filtration and concentration: Finally, filtration and concentration are performed to obtain a pure extract.

Extraction effect of different concentrations of ethanol

Different concentrations of ethanol can extract different active ingredients:

40% to 50% ethanol: can extract cardiac glycosides, tannins, anthraquinones and their glycosides, bitter substances, etc.

60% to 70% ethanol: suitable for extracting glycosides.

Higher concentrations of ethanol: used to extract alkaloids, volatile oils, resins and chlorophyll.

The extract ratio of ethanol extraction is usually between 10% and 50%, and the specific ratio depends on the type of raw materials and extraction conditions. For example, if 400 kg of raw materials are used, 100 kg to 200 kg of extract can be obtained through ethanol extraction, depending on the specific extraction ratio.

Below is a detailed description of the operating method of ethanol extraction of components in plants.

1. Material preparation: Prepare the herbs or plant materials to be extracted to ensure the freshness and quality of the materials.

2. Select the appropriate concentration of ethanol: According to the characteristics of the ingredients of different herbs, select the appropriate concentration of ethanol solvent, generally between 60%-95%.

3. Material crushing: Crush or chop the herbs or plant materials to increase the extraction efficiency.

4. Determine the sample and solvent ratio: According to the content and needs of the herbs, determine the appropriate sample and solvent ratio, generally the commonly used ratio is 1:3-1:10.

5. Solvent pretreatment: Pretreat the ethanol solvent, such as removing impurities and sterilizing and disinfecting, to ensure the purity of the extracted ingredients.

6. Extraction temperature control: According to the characteristics of different herbal ingredients, select the appropriate extraction temperature, usually between 40-60℃, to avoid excessive temperature damage to the ingredients.

7. Determine the extraction time: Determine the appropriate extraction time based on the characteristics of the herbal ingredients and the extraction effect, which is generally between 1-3 hours.

8. Select the extraction method: Select the appropriate extraction method based on the characteristics of different herbal ingredients. Common methods include soaking, boiling, reflux, etc.